GIT-PACK-OBJECTS(1)                                        Git Manual                                        GIT-PACK-OBJECTS(1)



NAME
       git-pack-objects - Create a packed archive of objects

SYNOPSIS
       git pack-objects [-q | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied]
               [--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
               [--local] [--incremental] [--window=<n>] [--depth=<n>]
               [--revs [--unpacked | --all]] [--stdout | base-name]
               [--keep-true-parents] < object-list


DESCRIPTION
       Reads list of objects from the standard input, and writes a packed archive with specified base-name, or to the standard
       output.

       A packed archive is an efficient way to transfer a set of objects between two repositories as well as an access efficient
       archival format. In a packed archive, an object is either stored as a compressed whole or as a difference from some other
       object. The latter is often called a delta.

       The packed archive format (.pack) is designed to be self-contained so that it can be unpacked without any further
       information. Therefore, each object that a delta depends upon must be present within the pack.

       A pack index file (.idx) is generated for fast, random access to the objects in the pack. Placing both the index file
       (.idx) and the packed archive (.pack) in the pack/ subdirectory of $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY (or any of the directories on
       $GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES) enables git to read from the pack archive.

       The git unpack-objects command can read the packed archive and expand the objects contained in the pack into "one-file
       one-object" format; this is typically done by the smart-pull commands when a pack is created on-the-fly for efficient
       network transport by their peers.

OPTIONS
       base-name
           Write into a pair of files (.pack and .idx), using <base-name> to determine the name of the created file. When this
           option is used, the two files are written in <base-name>-<SHA1>.{pack,idx} files. <SHA1> is a hash of the sorted
           object names to make the resulting filename based on the pack content, and written to the standard output of the
           command.

       --stdout
           Write the pack contents (what would have been written to .pack file) out to the standard output.

       --revs
           Read the revision arguments from the standard input, instead of individual object names. The revision arguments are
           processed the same way as git rev-list with the --objects flag uses its commit arguments to build the list of objects
           it outputs. The objects on the resulting list are packed.

       --unpacked
           This implies --revs. When processing the list of revision arguments read from the standard input, limit the objects
           packed to those that are not already packed.

       --all
           This implies --revs. In addition to the list of revision arguments read from the standard input, pretend as if all
           refs under refs/ are specified to be included.

       --include-tag
           Include unasked-for annotated tags if the object they reference was included in the resulting packfile. This can be
           useful to send new tags to native git clients.

       --window=<n>, --depth=<n>
           These two options affect how the objects contained in the pack are stored using delta compression. The objects are
           first internally sorted by type, size and optionally names and compared against the other objects within --window to
           see if using delta compression saves space. --depth limits the maximum delta depth; making it too deep affects the
           performance on the unpacker side, because delta data needs to be applied that many times to get to the necessary
           object. The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50.

       --window-memory=<n>
           This option provides an additional limit on top of --window; the window size will dynamically scale down so as to not
           take up more than <n> bytes in memory. This is useful in repositories with a mix of large and small objects to not
           run out of memory with a large window, but still be able to take advantage of the large window for the smaller
           objects. The size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g".  --window-memory=0 makes memory usage unlimited, which is
           the default.

       --max-pack-size=<n>
           Maximum size of each output pack file. The size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is
           limited to 1 MiB. If specified, multiple packfiles may be created. The default is unlimited, unless the config
           variable pack.packSizeLimit is set.

       --honor-pack-keep
           This flag causes an object already in a local pack that has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it it would have
           otherwise been packed.

       --incremental
           This flag causes an object already in a pack to be ignored even if it would have otherwise been packed.

       --local
           This flag causes an object that is borrowed from an alternate object store to be ignored even if it would have
           otherwise been packed.

       --non-empty
           Only create a packed archive if it would contain at least one object.

       --progress
           Progress status is reported on the standard error stream by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q is
           specified. This flag forces progress status even if the standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.

       --all-progress
           When --stdout is specified then progress report is displayed during the object count and compression phases but
           inhibited during the write-out phase. The reason is that in some cases the output stream is directly linked to
           another command which may wish to display progress status of its own as it processes incoming pack data. This flag is
           like --progress except that it forces progress report for the write-out phase as well even if --stdout is used.

       --all-progress-implied
           This is used to imply --all-progress whenever progress display is activated. Unlike --all-progress this flag doesn't
           actually force any progress display by itself.

       -q
           This flag makes the command not to report its progress on the standard error stream.

       --no-reuse-delta
           When creating a packed archive in a repository that has existing packs, the command reuses existing deltas. This
           sometimes results in a slightly suboptimal pack. This flag tells the command not to reuse existing deltas but compute
           them from scratch.

       --no-reuse-object
           This flag tells the command not to reuse existing object data at all, including non deltified object, forcing
           recompression of everything. This implies --no-reuse-delta. Useful only in the obscure case where wholesale
           enforcement of a different compression level on the packed data is desired.

       --compression=<n>
           Specifies compression level for newly-compressed data in the generated pack. If not specified, pack compression level
           is determined first by pack.compression, then by core.compression, and defaults to -1, the zlib default, if neither
           is set. Add --no-reuse-object if you want to force a uniform compression level on all data no matter the source.

       --thin
           Create a "thin" pack by omitting the common objects between a sender and a receiver in order to reduce network
           transfer. This option only makes sense in conjunction with --stdout.

           Note: A thin pack violates the packed archive format by omitting required objects and is thus unusable by git without
           making it self-contained. Use git index-pack --fix-thin (see git-index-pack(1)) to restore the self-contained
           property.

       --delta-base-offset
           A packed archive can express the base object of a delta as either a 20-byte object name or as an offset in the
           stream, but ancient versions of git don't understand the latter. By default, git pack-objects only uses the former
           format for better compatibility. This option allows the command to use the latter format for compactness. Depending
           on the average delta chain length, this option typically shrinks the resulting packfile by 3-5 per-cent.

           Note: Porcelain commands such as git gc (see git-gc(1)), git repack (see git-repack(1)) pass this option by default
           in modern git when they put objects in your repository into pack files. So does git bundle (see git-bundle(1)) when
           it creates a bundle.

       --threads=<n>
           Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best delta matches. This requires that pack-objects be
           compiled with pthreads otherwise this option is ignored with a warning. This is meant to reduce packing time on
           multiprocessor machines. The required amount of memory for the delta search window is however multiplied by the
           number of threads. Specifying 0 will cause git to auto-detect the number of CPU's and set the number of threads
           accordingly.

       --index-version=<version>[,<offset>]
           This is intended to be used by the test suite only. It allows to force the version for the generated pack index, and
           to force 64-bit index entries on objects located above the given offset.

       --keep-true-parents
           With this option, parents that are hidden by grafts are packed nevertheless.

AUTHOR
       Written by Linus Torvalds <torvaldsATosdl.org[1]>

DOCUMENTATION
       Documentation by Junio C Hamano

SEE ALSO
       git-rev-list(1) git-repack(1) git-prune-packed(1)

GIT
       Part of the git(1) suite

NOTES
        1. torvaldsATosdl.org
           mailto:torvaldsATosdl.org



Git 1.7.4.4                                                04/11/2011                                        GIT-PACK-OBJECTS(1)