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ncftpspooler(1) ncftpspooler(1)
NAME
ncftpspooler - Global batch FTP job processor daemon
SYNOPSIS
ncftpspooler -d [options]
ncftpspooler -l [options]
OPTIONS
Command line flags:
-d Begin background processing of FTP jobs in the designated FTP job queue directory.
-q XX Use this option to specify a directory to use as the FTP job queue instead of the default directory,
/var/spool/ncftp.
-o XX Use this option to specify a filename to use as the log file. By default, (and rather inappropriately) the pro-
gram simply uses a file called log in the job queue directory. If you don't want a log, use this option to spec-
ify /dev/null.
-l Lists the contents of the job queue directory.
-s XX When the job queue is empty, the program sleeps 120 seconds and then checks again to see if a new job has been
submitted. Use this option to change the number of seconds used for this delay.
DESCRIPTION
The ncftpspooler program evolved from the ncftpbatch program. The ncftpbatch program was originally designed as a ``per-
sonal FTP spooler'' which would process a single background job a particular user and exit when it finished; the ncftp-
spooler program is a ``global FTP spooler'' which stays running and processes background jobs as they are submitted.
The job queue directory is monitored for specially-named and formatted text files. Each file serves as a single FTP job.
The name of the job file contains the type of FTP job (get or put), a timestamp indicating the earliest the job should be
processed, and optionally some additional information to make it easier to create unique job files (i.e. a sequence num-
ber). The contents of the job files have information such as the remote server machine to FTP to, username, password,
remote pathname, etc.
Your job queue directory must be readable and writable by the user that you plan to run ncftpspooler as, so that jobs can
be removed or renamed within the queue.
More importantly, the user that is running the program will need adequate privileges to access the local files that are
involved in the FTPing. I.e., if your spooler is going to be processing jobs which upload files to remote servers, then
the user will need read permission on the local files that will be uploaded (and directory access permission the parent
directories). Likewise, if your spooler is going to be processing jobs which download files, then the user would need to
be able to write to the local directories.
Once you have created your spool directory with appropriate permissions and ownerships, you can run ncftpspooler -d to
launch the spooler daemon. You can run additional spoolers if you want to process more than FTP job from the same job
queue directory simultaneously. You can then monitor the log file (i.e., using tail -f ) to track the progress of the
spooler. Most of the time it won't be doing anything, unless job files have appeared in the job queue directory.
JOB FILE NAMES
When the ncftpspooler program monitors the job queue directory, it ignores any files that do not follow the naming con-
vention for job files. The job files must be prefixed in the format of X-YYYYMMDD-hhmmss where X denotes a job type,
YYYY is the four-digit year, MM is the two-digit month number, DD is the two-digit day of the month, hh is the two-digit
hour of the day (00-23), mm is the two-digit minute, and ss is the two-digit second. The date and time represent the
earliest time you want the job to be run.
The job type can be g for a get (download from remote host), or p for aput (upload to remote host).
As an example, if you wanted to schedule an upload to occur at 11:45 PM on December 7, 2001, a job file could be named
p-20011207-234500
In practice, the job files include additional information such as a sequence number or process ID. This makes it easier
to create unique job file names. Here is the same example, with a process ID and a sequence number:
p-20011207-234500-1234-2
When submitting job files to the queue directory, be sure to use a dash character after the hhmmss field if you choose to
append any additional data to the job file name.
JOB FILE CONTENTS
Job files are ordinary text files, so that they can be created by hand. Each line of the file is a key-pair in the for-
mat variable=value, or is a comment line beginning with an octothorpe character (#), or is a blank line. Here is an
example job file:
# This is a NcFTP spool file entry.
job-name=g-20011016-100656-008299-1
op=get
hostname=ftp.freebsd.org
xtype=I
passive=1
remote-dir=pub/FreeBSD
local-dir=/tmp
remote-file=README.TXT
local-file=readme.txt
Job files are flexible since they follow an easy-to-use format and do not have many requirements, but there are a few
mandatory parameters that must appear for the spooler to be able to process the job.
op The operation (job type) to perform. Valid values are get and put.
hostname
The remote host to FTP to. This may be an IP address or a DNS name (i.e. ftp.example.com).
For a regular get job, these parameters are required:
remote-file
The pathname of the file to download from the remote server.
local-file
The pathname to use on the local server for the downloaded file.
For a regular put job, these parameters are required:
local-file
The pathname of the file to upload to the remote server.
remote-file
The pathname to use on the remote server for the uploaded file.
For a recursive get job, these parameters are required:
remote-file
The pathname of the file or directory to download from the remote server.
local-dir
The directory pathname to use on the local server to contain the downloaded items.
For a recursive put job, these parameters are required:
local-file
The pathname of the file or directory to upload to the remote server.
remote-dir
The directory pathname to use on the remote server to contain the uploaded items.
The rest of the parameters are optional. The spooler will attempt to use reasonable defaults for these parameters if
necessary.
user The username to use to login to the remote server. Defaults to ``anonymous'' for guest access.
pass The password to use in conjunction with the username to login to the remote server.
acct The account to use in conjunction with the username to login to the remote server. The need to specify this
parameter is extremely rare.
port The port number to use in conjunction with the remote hostname to connect to the remote server. Defaults to the
standard FTP port number, 21.
host-ip The IP address to use in conjunction with the remote hostname to connect to the remote server. This parameter
can be used in place of the hostname parameter, but one or the other must be used. This parameter is commonly
included along with the hostname parameter as supplemental information.
xtype The transfer type to use. Defaults to binary transfer type (TYPE I). Valid values are I for binary, A for ASCII
text.
passive Whether to use FTP passive data connections (PASV) or FTP active data connections (PORT). Valid values are 0 for
active, 1 for passive, or 2 to try passive, then fallback to active. The default is 2.
recursive
This can be used to transfer entire directory trees. By default, only a single file is transferred. Valid val-
ues are yes or no.
delete This can be used to delete the source file on the source machine after successfully transferring the file to the
destination machine. By default, source files are not deleted. Valid values are yes or no.
job-name
This isn't used by the program, but can be used by an entity which is automatically generating job files. As an
example, when using the -bbb flag with ncftpput, it creates a job file on stdout with a job-name parameter so you
can easily copy the file to the job queue directory with the suggested job name as the job file name.
pre-ftp-command
post-ftp-command
These parameters correspond to the -W, and -Y options of ncftpget and ncftpput. It is important to note that
these refer to RFC959 File Transfer Protocol commands and not shell commands, nor commands used from within
/usr/bin/ftp or ncftp.
pre-shell-command
post-shell-command
These parameters provide hooks so you can run a custom program when an item is processed by the spooler. Valid
values are pathnames to scripts or executable programs. Note that the value must not contain any command-line
arguments -- if you want to do that, create a shell script and have it run your program with the command-line
arguments it requires.
Generally speaking, post-shell-command is much more useful than pre-shell-command since if you need to use these options
you're more likely to want to do something after the FTP transfer has completed rather than before. For example, you
might want to run a shell script which pages an administrator to notify her that her 37 gigabyte file download has com-
pleted.
When your custom program is run, it receives on standard input the contents of the job file (i.e. several lines of vari-
able=value key-pairs), as well as additional data the spooler may provide, such as a result key-pair with a textual
description of the job's completion status.
post-shell-command update a log file named /var/log/ncftp_spooler.
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
my ($line);
my (%params) = ();
while (defined($line = <STDIN>)) {
$params{$1} = $2
if ($line =~ /^([^=\#\s]+)=(.*)/);
}
if ((defined($params{"result"})) &&
($params{"result"} =~ /^Succeeded/))
{
open(LOG, ">> /var/log/ncftp_spooler.log")
or exit(1);
print LOG "DOWNLOAD" if ($params{"op"} eq "get");
print LOG "UPLOAD" if ($params{"op"} eq "put");
print LOG " ", $params{"local-file"}, "\n";
close(LOG);
}
DIAGNOSTICS
The log file should be examined to determine if any ncftpspooler processes are actively working on jobs. The log con-
tains copious amounts of useful information, including the entire FTP control connection conversation between the FTP
client and server.
BUGS
The recursive option may not be reliable since ncftpspooler depends on functionality which may or may not be present in
the remote server software. Additionally, even if the functionality is available, ncftpspooler may need to use heuris-
tics which cannot be considered 100% accurate. Therefore it is best to create individual jobs for each file in the
directory tree, rather than a single recursive directory job.
For resumption of downloads to work, the remote server must support the FTP SIZE and MDTM primitives. Most modern FTP
server software can do this, but there are still a number of bare-bones ftpd implementations which do not. In these
cases, ncftpspooler will re-download the file in entirety each time until the download succeeds.
The program needs to be improved to detect jobs that have no chance of ever completing successfully. There are still a
number of cases where jobs can get spooled but get retried over and over again until a vigilant sysadmin manually removes
the jobs.
The spool files may contain usernames and passwords stored in cleartext. These files should not be readable by any user
except the user running the program!
AUTHOR
Mike Gleason, NcFTP Software (http://www.ncftp.com).
SEE ALSO
ncftpbatch(1), ncftp(1), ncftpput(1), ncftpget(1), uucp(1).
ncftpspooler NcFTP Software ncftpspooler(1)
