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tic(1M) tic(1M)
NAME
tic - the terminfo entry-description compiler
SYNOPSIS
tic [-1CGILNTUVacfgrstx] [-e names] [-o dir] [-R subset] [-v[n]] [-w[n]] file
DESCRIPTION
The command tic translates a terminfo file from source format into compiled format. The compiled format is necessary for
use with the library routines in ncurses(3X).
The results are normally placed in the system terminfo directory /usr/share/terminfo. There are two ways to change this
behavior.
First, you may override the system default by setting the variable TERMINFO in your shell environment to a valid (exist-
ing) directory name.
Secondly, if tic cannot get access to /usr/share/terminfo or your TERMINFO directory, it looks for the directory
$HOME/.terminfo; if that directory exists, the entry is placed there.
Libraries that read terminfo entries are expected to check for a TERMINFO directory first, look at $HOME/.terminfo if
TERMINFO is not set, and finally look in /usr/share/terminfo.
-1 restricts the output to a single column
-a tells tic to retain commented-out capabilities rather than discarding them. Capabilities are commented by prefix-
ing them with a period. This sets the -x option, because it treats the commented-out entries as user-defined
names. If the source is termcap, accept the 2-character names required by version 6. Otherwise these are
ignored.
-C Force source translation to termcap format. Note: this differs from the -C option of infocmp(1M) in that it does
not merely translate capability names, but also translates terminfo strings to termcap format. Capabilities that
are not translatable are left in the entry under their terminfo names but commented out with two preceding dots.
-c tells tic to only check file for errors, including syntax problems and bad use links. If you specify -C (-I) with
this option, the code will print warnings about entries which, after use resolution, are more than 1023 (4096)
bytes long. Due to a fixed buffer length in older termcap libraries (and a documented limit in terminfo), these
entries may cause core dumps.
-e names
Limit writes and translations to the following comma-separated list of terminals. If any name or alias of a ter-
minal matches one of the names in the list, the entry will be written or translated as normal. Otherwise no out-
put will be generated for it. The option value is interpreted as a file containing the list if it contains a '/'.
(Note: depending on how tic was compiled, this option may require -I or -C.)
-f Display complex terminfo strings which contain if/then/else/endif expressions indented for readability.
-G Display constant literals in decimal form rather than their character equivalents.
-g Display constant character literals in quoted form rather than their decimal equivalents.
-I Force source translation to terminfo format.
-L Force source translation to terminfo format using the long C variable names listed in <term.h>
-N Disable smart defaults. Normally, when translating from termcap to terminfo, the compiler makes a number of
assumptions about the defaults of string capabilities reset1_string, carriage_return, cursor_left, cursor_down,
scroll_forward, tab, newline, key_backspace, key_left, and key_down, then attempts to use obsolete termcap capa-
bilities to deduce correct values. It also normally suppresses output of obsolete termcap capabilities such as
bs. This option forces a more literal translation that also preserves the obsolete capabilities.
-odir Write compiled entries to given directory. Overrides the TERMINFO environment variable.
-Rsubset
Restrict output to a given subset. This option is for use with archaic versions of terminfo like those on SVr1,
Ultrix, or HP/UX that do not support the full set of SVR4/XSI Curses terminfo; and outright broken ports like AIX
3.x that have their own extensions incompatible with SVr4/XSI. Available subsets are "SVr1", "Ultrix", "HP",
"BSD" and "AIX"; see terminfo(5) for details.
-r Force entry resolution (so there are no remaining tc capabilities) even when doing translation to termcap format.
This may be needed if you are preparing a termcap file for a termcap library (such as GNU termcap through version
1.3 or BSD termcap through 4.3BSD) that does not handle multiple tc capabilities per entry.
-s Summarize the compile by showing the directory into which entries are written, and the number of entries which are
compiled.
-T eliminates size-restrictions on the generated text. This is mainly useful for testing and analysis, since the
compiled descriptions are limited (e.g., 1023 for termcap, 4096 for terminfo).
-t tells tic to discard commented-out capabilities. Normally when translating from terminfo to termcap, untranslat-
able capabilities are commented-out.
-U tells tic to not post-process the data after parsing the source file. Normally, it infers data which is commonly
missing in older terminfo data, or in termcaps.
-V reports the version of ncurses which was used in this program, and exits.
-vn specifies that (verbose) output be written to standard error trace information showing tic's progress. The optional
parameter n is a number from 1 to 10, inclusive, indicating the desired level of detail of information. If n is
omitted, the default level is 1. If n is specified and greater than 1, the level of detail is increased.
-wn specifies the width of the output. The parameter is optional. If it is omitted, it defaults to 60.
-x Treat unknown capabilities as user-defined. That is, if you supply a capability name which tic does not recognize,
it will infer its type (boolean, number or string) from the syntax and make an extended table entry for that. User-
defined capability strings whose name begins with ``k'' are treated as function keys.
file contains one or more terminfo terminal descriptions in source format [see terminfo(5)]. Each description in the
file describes the capabilities of a particular terminal.
The debug flag levels are as follows:
1 Names of files created and linked
2 Information related to the ``use'' facility
3 Statistics from the hashing algorithm
5 String-table memory allocations
7 Entries into the string-table
8 List of tokens encountered by scanner
9 All values computed in construction of the hash table
If the debug level n is not given, it is taken to be one.
All but one of the capabilities recognized by tic are documented in terminfo(5). The exception is the use capability.
When a use=entry-name field is discovered in a terminal entry currently being compiled, tic reads in the binary from
/usr/share/terminfo to complete the entry. (Entries created from file will be used first. If the environment variable
TERMINFO is set, that directory is searched instead of /usr/share/terminfo.) tic duplicates the capabilities in entry-
name for the current entry, with the exception of those capabilities that explicitly are defined in the current entry.
When an entry, e.g., entry_name_1, contains a use=entry_name_2 field, any canceled capabilities in entry_name_2 must also
appear in entry_name_1 before use= for these capabilities to be canceled in entry_name_1.
If the environment variable TERMINFO is set, the compiled results are placed there instead of /usr/share/terminfo.
Total compiled entries cannot exceed 4096 bytes. The name field cannot exceed 512 bytes. Terminal names exceeding the
maximum alias length (32 characters on systems with long filenames, 14 characters otherwise) will be truncated to the
maximum alias length and a warning message will be printed.
COMPATIBILITY
There is some evidence that historic tic implementations treated description fields with no whitespace in them as addi-
tional aliases or short names. This tic does not do that, but it does warn when description fields may be treated that
way and check them for dangerous characters.
EXTENSIONS
Unlike the stock SVr4 tic command, this implementation can actually compile termcap sources. In fact, entries in ter-
minfo and termcap syntax can be mixed in a single source file. See terminfo(5) for the list of termcap names taken to be
equivalent to terminfo names.
The SVr4 manual pages are not clear on the resolution rules for use capabilities. This implementation of tic will find
use targets anywhere in the source file, or anywhere in the file tree rooted at TERMINFO (if TERMINFO is defined), or in
the user's $HOME/.terminfo directory (if it exists), or (finally) anywhere in the system's file tree of compiled entries.
The error messages from this tic have the same format as GNU C error messages, and can be parsed by GNU Emacs's compile
facility.
The -C, -G, -I, -N, -R, -T, -V, -a, -e, -f, -g, -o, -r, -s, -t and -x options are not supported under SVr4. The SVr4 -c
mode does not report bad use links.
System V does not compile entries to or read entries from your $HOME/.terminfo directory unless TERMINFO is explicitly
set to it.
FILES
/usr/share/terminfo/?/*
Compiled terminal description database.
SEE ALSO
infocmp(1M), captoinfo(1M), infotocap(1M), toe(1M), curses(3X), terminfo(5).
This describes ncurses version 5.7 (patch 20100703).
tic(1M)
