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WCSTOD(3P) POSIX Programmer's Manual WCSTOD(3P)
PROLOG
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (con-
sult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on
Linux.
NAME
wcstod, wcstof, wcstold - convert a wide-character string to a double-precision number
SYNOPSIS
#include <wchar.h>
double wcstod(const wchar_t *restrict nptr, wchar_t **restrict endptr);
float wcstof(const wchar_t *restrict nptr, wchar_t **restrict endptr);
long double wcstold(const wchar_t *restrict nptr,
wchar_t **restrict endptr);
DESCRIPTION
These functions shall convert the initial portion of the wide-character string pointed to by nptr to double, float, and
long double representation, respectively. First, they shall decompose the input wide-character string into three parts:
1. An initial, possibly empty, sequence of white-space wide-character codes (as specified by iswspace())
2. A subject sequence interpreted as a floating-point constant or representing infinity or NaN
3. A final wide-character string of one or more unrecognized wide-character codes, including the terminating null wide-
character code of the input wide-character string
Then they shall attempt to convert the subject sequence to a floating-point number, and return the result.
The expected form of the subject sequence is an optional plus or minus sign, then one of the following:
* A non-empty sequence of decimal digits optionally containing a radix character, then an optional exponent part
* A 0x or 0X, then a non-empty sequence of hexadecimal digits optionally containing a radix character, then an optional
binary exponent part
* One of INF or INFINITY, or any other wide string equivalent except for case
* One of NAN or NAN(n-wchar-sequence_opt), or any other wide string ignoring case in the NAN part, where:
n-wchar-sequence:
digit
nondigit
n-wchar-sequence digit
n-wchar-sequence nondigit
The subject sequence is defined as the longest initial subsequence of the input wide string, starting with the first non-
white-space wide character, that is of the expected form. The subject sequence contains no wide characters if the input
wide string is not of the expected form.
If the subject sequence has the expected form for a floating-point number, the sequence of wide characters starting with
the first digit or the radix character (whichever occurs first) shall be interpreted as a floating constant according to
the rules of the C language, except that the radix character shall be used in place of a period, and that if neither an
exponent part nor a radix character appears in a decimal floating-point number, or if a binary exponent part does not
appear in a hexadecimal floating-point number, an exponent part of the appropriate type with value zero shall be assumed
to follow the last digit in the string. If the subject sequence begins with a minus sign, the sequence shall be inter-
preted as negated. A wide-character sequence INF or INFINITY shall be interpreted as an infinity, if representable in the
return type, else as if it were a floating constant that is too large for the range of the return type. A wide-character
sequence NAN or NAN(n-wchar-sequence_opt) shall be interpreted as a quiet NaN, if supported in the return type, else as
if it were a subject sequence part that does not have the expected form; the meaning of the n-wchar sequences is imple-
mentation-defined. A pointer to the final wide string shall be stored in the object pointed to by endptr, provided that
endptr is not a null pointer.
If the subject sequence has the hexadecimal form and FLT_RADIX is a power of 2, the conversion shall be rounded in an
implementation-defined manner.
The radix character shall be as defined in the program's locale (category LC_NUMERIC ). In the POSIX locale, or in a
locale where the radix character is not defined, the radix character shall default to a period ( '.' ).
In other than the C or POSIX locales, other implementation-defined subject sequences may be accepted.
If the subject sequence is empty or does not have the expected form, no conversion shall be performed; the value of nptr
shall be stored in the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
The wcstod() function shall not change the setting of errno if successful.
Since 0 is returned on error and is also a valid return on success, an application wishing to check for error situations
should set errno to 0, then call wcstod(), wcstof(), or wcstold(), then check errno.
RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completion, these functions shall return the converted value. If no conversion could be performed, 0
shall be returned and errno may be set to [EINVAL].
If the correct value is outside the range of representable values, +-HUGE_VAL, +-HUGE_VALF, or +-HUGE_VALL shall be
returned (according to the sign of the value), and errno shall be set to [ERANGE].
If the correct value would cause underflow, a value whose magnitude is no greater than the smallest normalized positive
number in the return type shall be returned and errno set to [ERANGE].
ERRORS
The wcstod() function shall fail if:
ERANGE The value to be returned would cause overflow or underflow.
The wcstod() function may fail if:
EINVAL No conversion could be performed.
The following sections are informative.
EXAMPLES
None.
APPLICATION USAGE
If the subject sequence has the hexadecimal form and FLT_RADIX is not a power of 2, and the result is not exactly repre-
sentable, the result should be one of the two numbers in the appropriate internal format that are adjacent to the hexa-
decimal floating source value, with the extra stipulation that the error should have a correct sign for the current
rounding direction.
If the subject sequence has the decimal form and at most DECIMAL_DIG (defined in <float.h>) significant digits, the
result should be correctly rounded. If the subject sequence D has the decimal form and more than DECIMAL_DIG significant
digits, consider the two bounding, adjacent decimal strings L and U, both having DECIMAL_DIG significant digits, such
that the values of L, D, and U satisfy "L <= D <= U" . The result should be one of the (equal or adjacent) values that
would be obtained by correctly rounding L and U according to the current rounding direction, with the extra stipulation
that the error with respect to D should have a correct sign for the current rounding direction.
RATIONALE
None.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
None.
SEE ALSO
iswspace(), localeconv(), scanf(), setlocale(), wcstol(), the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Chapter 7,
Locale, <float.h>, <wchar.h>
COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for
Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copy-
right (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any
discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group
Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.open-
group.org/unix/online.html .
IEEE/The Open Group 2003 WCSTOD(3P)
