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XCSCOPE.EL(1) XCSCOPE.EL(1)
NAME
xcscope.el - xemacs cscope lisp support package
DESCRIPTION
xcscope is a lisp package for use in integrating cscope functionality into xemacs
INSTALLATION
Installation steps:
0. (It is, of course, assumed that cscope is already properly
installed on the current system.)
1. Ensure that the location of cscope-indexer is located in your path
2. Ensure that the location of xcscope.el is in the xemacs module load path
3. Edit your ~/.emacs file to add the line:
(require'xcscope)
5. If you intend to use xcscope.el often you can optionally edit your ~/.emacs file to add keybindings that reduce the
number of keystrokes required. For example, the following will add "C-f#" keybindings, which are easier to type than the
usual "C-c s" prefixed keybindings. Note that specifying "global-map" instead of "cscope:map" makes the keybindings
available in all buffers:
(define-key global-map [(ctrl f3)] 'cscope-set-initial-directory)
(define-key global-map [(ctrl f4)] 'cscope-unset-initial-directory)
(define-key global-map [(ctrl f5)] 'cscope-find-this-symbol)
(define-key global-map [(ctrl f6)] 'cscope-find-global-definition)
(define-key global-map [(ctrl f7)]
cscope-find-global-definition-no-prompting)
(define-key global-map [(ctrl f8)] 'cscope-pop-mark)
(define-key global-map [(ctrl f9)] 'cscope-next-symbol)
(define-key global-map [(ctrl f10)] 'cscope-next-file)
(define-key global-map [(ctrl f11)] 'cscope-prev-symbol)
(define-key global-map [(ctrl f12)] 'cscope-prev-file)
(define-key global-map [(meta f9)] 'cscope-display-buffer)
(define-key global-map [(meta f10)] 'cscope-display-buffer-toggle)
6. Restart (X)Emacs. That's it.
USING THIS MODULE
* Basic usage:
If all of your C/C++/lex/yacc source files are in the same
directory, you can just start using this module. If your files are
spread out over multiple directories, see "Advanced usage", below.
Just edit a source file, and use the pull-down or pop-up (button 3)
menus to select one of:
Find symbol
Find global definition
Find called functions
Find functions calling a function
Find text string
Find egrep pattern
Find a file
Find files #including a file
The cscope database will be automatically created in the same directory as the source files (assuming that you've never
used cscope before), and a buffer will pop-up displaying the results. You can then use button 2 (the middle button) on
the mouse to edit the selected file, or you can move the text cursor over a selection and press [Enter].
Hopefully, the interface should be fairly intuitive.
* Locating the cscope databases:
This module will first use the variable, `cscope-database-regexps', to search for a suitable database directory. If a
database location cannot be found using this variable then a search is begun at the variable, `cscope-initial-directory',
if set, or the current directory otherwise. If the directory is not a cscope database directory then the directory's
parent, parent's parent, etc. is searched until a cscope database directory is found, or the root directory is reached.
If the root directory is reached, the current directory will be used.
A cscope database directory is one in which EITHER a cscope database file (e.g., "cscope.out") OR a cscope file list
(e.g., "cscope.files") exists. If only "cscope.files" exists, the corresponding "cscope.out" will be automatically cre-
ated by cscope when a search is done. By default, the cscope database file is called "cscope.out", but this can be
changed (on a global basis) via the variable, `cscope-database-file'. There is limited support for cscope databases that
are named differently than that given by `cscope-database-file', using the variable, `cscope-database-regexps'.
Note that the variable, `cscope-database-regexps', is generally not needed, as the normal hierarchical database search is
sufficient for placing and/or locating the cscope databases. However, there may be cases where it makes sense to place
the cscope databases away from where the source files are kept; in this case, this variable is used to determine the map-
ping. One use for this variable is when you want to share the database file with other users; in this case, the database
may be located in a directory separate from the source files.
Setting the variable, `cscope-initial-directory', is useful when a search is to be expanded by specifying a cscope data-
base directory that is a parent of the directory that this module would otherwise use. For example, consider a project
that contains the following cscope database directories:
/users/jdoe/sources
/users/jdoe/sources/proj1
/users/jdoe/sources/proj2
If a search is initiated from a .c file in /users/jdoe/sources/proj1 then (assuming the variable, `cscope-database-reg-
exps', is not set) /users/jdoe/sources/proj1 will be used as the cscope data base directory. Only matches in files in
/users/jdoe/sources/proj1 will be found. This can be remedied by typing "C-c s a" and then "M-del" to remove single path
element in order to use a cscope database directory of /users/jdoe/sources. Normal searching can be restored by typing
"C-c s A".
* Keybindings:
All keybindings use the "C-c s" prefix, but are usable only while editing a source file, or in the cscope results buffer:
C-c s s Find symbol.
C-c s d Find global definition.
C-c s g Find global definition (alternate binding).
C-c s G Find global definition without prompting.
C-c s c Find functions calling a function.
C-c s C Find called functions (list functions called
from a function).
C-c s t Find text string.
C-c s e Find egrep pattern.
C-c s f Find a file.
C-c s i Find files #including a file.
These pertain to navigation through the search results:
C-c s b Display *cscope* buffer.
C-c s B Auto display *cscope* buffer toggle.
C-c s n Next symbol.
C-c s N Next file.
C-c s p Previous symbol.
C-c s P Previous file.
C-c s u Pop mark.
These pertain to setting and unsetting the variable, `cscope-initial-directory', (location searched for the cscope data-
base directory):
C-c s a Set initial directory.
C-c s A Unset initial directory.
These pertain to cscope database maintenance:
C-c s L Create list of files to index.
C-c s I Create list and index.
C-c s E Edit list of files to index.
C-c s W Locate this buffer's cscope directory
( "W" --> "where" ).
C-c s S Locate this buffer's cscope directory.
(alternate binding: "S" --> "show" ).
C-c s T Locate this buffer's cscope directory.
(alternate binding: "T" --> "tell" ).
C-c s D Dired this buffer's directory.
* Advanced usage:
If the source files are spread out over multiple directories, you've got a few choices:
[ NOTE: you will need to have the script, "cscope-indexer", properly installed in order for the following to work. ]
1. If all of the directories exist below a common directory (without any extraneous, unrelated subdirectories), you can
tell this module to place the cscope database into the top-level, common directory. This assumes that you do not have
any cscope databases in any of the subdirectories. If you do, you should delete them; otherwise, they will take prece-
dence over the top-level database.
If you do have cscope databases in any subdirectory, the following instructions may not work right.
It's pretty easy to tell this module to use a top-level, common directory:
a. Make sure that the menu pick, "Cscope/Index recursively", is checked (the default value).
b. Select the menu pick, "Cscope/Create list and index", and specify the top-level directory. This will run the script,
"cscope-indexer", in the background, so you can do other things if indexing takes a long time. A list of files to
index will be created in "cscope.files", and the cscope database will be created in "cscope.out".
Once this has been done, you can then use the menu picks (described in "Basic usage", above) to search for symbols.
Note, however, that, if you add or delete source files, you'll have to either rebuild the database using the above proce-
dure, or edit the file, "cscope.files" to add/delete the names of the source files. To edit this file, you can
use the menu pick, "Cscope/Edit list of files to index".
2. If most of the files exist below a common directory, but a few are outside, you can use the menu pick, "Cscope/Create
list of files to index", and specify the top-level directory. Make sure that "Cscope/Index recursively", is checked
before you do so, though. You can then edit the list of files to index using the menu pick, "Cscope/Edit list of files
to index". Just edit the list to include any additional source files not already listed.
Once you've created, edited, and saved the list, you can then use the menu picks described under "Basic usage", above, to
search for symbols. The first time you search, you will have to wait a while for cscope to fully index the source files,
though. If you have a lot of source files, you may want to manually run cscope to build the database:
cd top-level-directory # or wherever
rm -f cscope.out # not always necessary
cscope -b
3. If the source files are scattered in many different, unrelated
places, you'll have to manually create cscope.files and put a
list of all pathnames into it. Then build the database using:
cd some-directory # wherever cscope.files exists
rm -f cscope.out # not always necessary
cscope -b
Next, read the documentation for the variable, "cscope-database-regexps", and set it appropriately, such that the above-
created cscope database will be referenced when you edit a related source file.
Once this has been done, you can then use the menu picks described under "Basic usage", above, to search for symbols.
* Interesting configuration variables:
cscope-truncate-lines
This is the value of `truncate-lines' to use in cscope buffers; the default is the current setting of `truncate-lines'.
This variable exists because it can be easier to read cscope buffers with truncated lines, while other buffers do not
have truncated lines.
cscope-use-relative-paths
If non-nil, use relative paths when creating the list of files to index. The path is relative to the directory in which
the cscope database will be created. If nil, absolute paths will be used. Absolute paths are good if you plan on moving
the database to some other directory (if you do so, you'll probably also have to modify `cscope-database-regexps').
Absolute paths may also be good if you share the database file with other users (you'll probably want to specify some
automounted network path for this).
cscope-index-recursively
If non-nil, index files in the current directory and all subdirectories. If nil, only files in the current directory are
indexed. This variable is only used when creating the list of files to index, or when creating the list of files and the
corresponding cscope database.
cscope-name-line-width
The width of the combined "function name:line number" field in the cscope results buffer. If negative, the field is
left-justified.
cscope-do-not-update-database
If non-nil, never check and/or update the cscope database when searching. Beware of setting this to non-nil, as this
will disable automatic database creation, updating, and maintenance.
cscope-display-cscope-buffer
If non-nil, display the *cscope* buffer after each search (default). This variable can be set in order to reduce the
number of keystrokes required to navigate through the matches.
cscope-database-regexps
List to force directory-to-cscope-database mappings. This is a list of `(REGEXP DBLIST [ DBLIST ... ])', where:
REGEXP is a regular expression matched against the current buffer's current directory. The current buffer is typically
some source file, and you're probably searching for some symbol in or related to this file. Basically, this regexp is
used to relate the current directory to a cscope database. You need to start REGEXP with "^" if you want to match from
the beginning of the current directory.
DBLIST is a list that contains one or more of:
( DBDIR )
( DBDIR ( OPTIONS ) )
( t )
t
Here, DBDIR is a directory (or a file) that contains a cscope database. If DBDIR is a directory, then it is expected
that the cscope database, if present, has the filename given by the variable, `cscope-database-file'; if DBDIR is a file,
then DBDIR is the path name to a cscope database file (which does not have to be the same as that given by `cscope-data-
base-file'). If only DBDIR is specified, then that cscope database will be searched without any additional cscope com-
mand-line options. If OPTIONS is given, then OPTIONS is a list of strings, where each string is a separate cscope com-
mand-line option.
In the case of "( t )", this specifies that the search is to use the
normal hierarchical database search. This option is used to
explicitly search using the hierarchical database search either before
or after other cscope database directories.
If "t" is specified (not inside a list), this tells the searching
mechanism to stop searching if a match has been found (at the point
where "t" is encountered). This is useful for those projects that
consist of many subprojects. You can specify the most-used
subprojects first, followed by a "t", and then followed by a master
cscope database directory that covers all subprojects. This will
cause the most-used subprojects to be searched first (hopefully
quickly), and the search will then stop if a match was found. If not,
the search will continue using the master cscope database directory.
Here, `cscope-database-regexps' is generally not used, as the normal
hierarchical database search is sufficient for placing and/or locating
the cscope databases. However, there may be cases where it makes
sense to place the cscope databases away from where the source files
are kept; in this case, this variable is used to determine the
mapping.
This module searches for the cscope databases by first using this
variable; if a database location cannot be found using this variable,
then the current directory is searched, then the parent, then the
parent's parent, until a cscope database directory is found, or the
root directory is reached. If the root directory is reached, the
current directory will be used.
A cscope database directory is one in which EITHER a cscope database file (e.g., "cscope.out") OR a cscope file list
(e.g., "cscope.files") exists. If only "cscope.files" exists, the corresponding "cscope.out" will be automatically cre-
ated by cscope when a search is done. By default, the cscope database file is called "cscope.out", but this can be
changed (on a global basis) via the variable, `cscope-database-file'. There is limited support for cscope databases that
are named differently than that given by `cscope-database-file', using the variable, `cscope-database-regexps'.
Here is an example of `cscope-database-regexps':
(setq cscope-database-regexps
'(
( "^/users/jdoe/sources/proj1"
( t )
( "/users/jdoe/sources/proj2")
( "/users/jdoe/sources/proj3/mycscope.out")
( "/users/jdoe/sources/proj4")
t
( "/some/master/directory" ("-d" "-I/usr/local/include") )
)
( "^/users/jdoe/sources/gnome/"
( "/master/gnome/database" ("-d") )
)
))
If the current buffer's directory matches the regexp, "^/users/jdoe/sources/proj1", then the following search will be
done:
1. First, the normal hierarchical database search will be used to
locate a cscope database.
2. Next, searches will be done using the cscope database
directories, "/users/jdoe/sources/proj2", "/users/jdoe/sources/proj3/mycscope.out", and
"/users/jdoe/sources/proj4". Note that, instead of the file, "cscope.out", the file, "mycscope.out", will be used
in the directory "/users/jdoe/sources/proj3".
3. If a match was found, searching will stop.
4. If a match was not found, searching will be done using
"/some/master/directory", and the command-line options "-d" and "-I/usr/local/include" will be passed to cscope.
If the current buffer's directory matches the regexp,
"^/users/jdoe/sources/gnome", then the following search will be done:
The search will be done only using the directory,
"/master/gnome/database". The "-d" option will be passed to cscope.
If the current buffer's directory does not match any of the above
regexps, then only the normal hierarchical database search will be done.
* Other notes:
1. The script, "cscope-indexer", uses a sed command to determine what is and is not a C/C++/lex/yacc source file. It's
idea of a source file may not correspond to yours.
2. This module is called, "xcscope", because someone else has already written a "cscope.el" (although it's quite old).
KNOWN BUGS:
1. Cannot handle whitespace in directory or file names.
2. By default, colored faces are used to display results. If you happen to use a black background, part of the results
may be invisible (because the foreground color may be black, too). There are at least two solutions for this:
2a. Turn off colored faces, by setting `cscope-use-face' to `nil', eg:
(setq cscope-use-face nil)
2b. Explicitly set colors for the faces used by cscope. The faces are
cscope-file-face
cscope-function-face
cscope-line-number-face
cscope-line-face
cscope-mouse-face
The face most likely to cause problems (e.g., black-on-black
color) is `cscope-line-face'.
3. The support for cscope databases different from that specified by `cscope-database-file' is quirky. If the file does
not exist, it will not be auto-created (unlike files names by `cscope-database-file'). You can manually force the file
to be created by using touch(1) to create a zero-length file; the database will be created the next time a search is
done.
Darryl Okahata April 2000 XCSCOPE.EL(1)
